ANATOMIC PATHOLOGY – ScanLab Center

09 Jun

URINE REDUCING SUBSTANCES

June 9, 2023June 9, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

ROUTINE CHEMISTRY

Sub Category

FLUID ANALYSIS

Synonym/Aliases

-N/A

Abbreviations

-N/A

^Type

INDIVIDUAL TESTS

^Results

RESULTS READY WITHIN 2-3 HOURS

^Method

BIOCHEMICAL (BENEDICT'S TEST)

^Temp

SAMPLE KEPT AT REFRIGERATED.

^Setup

ALL WORKING DAYS

Components Parameters

URINE ALBUMIN, URINE CREATININE, ALBUMIN/CREATININE RATIO

PRE-ANALYTIC CONSIDERATIONS

Test Ordering Instructions

FILL OUT TEST REQUEST FORM FULLY & LEGIBLY.

Patient preparation

AVOID HEAVY EXERCISE BEFORE COLLECTION. AVOID COLLECTION DURING MENSES.

Sample type

URINE (RANDOM) WITHOUT PRESERVATIVE.

Container/ preservative

CLEAN, LEAK PROOF CONTAINER

Sample volume

20 ML

Rejection criteria

LABELING ISSUE (UNLABELED/ MISLABELED); MISSING REQUEST FORM; MISMATCH BETWEEN REQUEST FORM & SAMPLE DETAILS; MISSING AGE/ GENDER; WRONG SAMPLE TYPE; INSUFFICIENT SAMPLE.

Other Instructions

N/A

Reference intervals

NOT DETECTED/ NEGATIVE

Clinical Utility

TESTING FOR NON-GLUCOSE REDUCING SUBSTANCES E.G. GALACTOSE IN URINE IN SUSPECTED GALACTOSEMIA. GLUCOSE AS A REDUCING SUBSTANCE CAN BE EVALUATED BY SPECIFIC URINE TESTING. A NEGATIVE GLUCOSE DIPSTICK RESULT & POSITIVE URINE REDUCING SUBSTANCES RESULT IS CONSISTENT WITH PRESENCE IF NON-GLUCOSE REDUCING SUBSTANCES E.G. GALACTOSE, LACTOSE, FRUCTOSE, MALTOSE ETC.

Test Limitations / Confounders

POOR SPECIFICITY E.G. CAN BE POSITIVE DUE TO SOME DRUGS, ALKAPTONURIA (HOMOGENTISIC ACID). FALSE NEGATIVE RESULTS CAN OCCUR IN GALACTOSEMIA & IF THERE IS A HIGH INDEX OF SUSPICION, SPECIFIC ENZYME & GENETIC TESTING SHOULD BE PERFORMED.

09 Jun

URINE MICROALBUMIN (ALBUMIN/CREATININE RATIO)

June 9, 2023June 9, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

ROUTINE CHEMISTRY

Sub Category

ORGAN FUNCTION CHECKS

Synonym/Aliases

-N/A

Abbreviations

UACR; ACR

^Type

PROFILE/ PANEL (BUNDLED TESTS)

^Results

RESULTS READY WITHIN 2-3 HOURS

^Method

SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC; RATIO IS CALCULATED.

^Temp

SAMPLE KEPT ATROOM TEMPERATURE 7 DAYS, 2-8ºC 14 DAYS, FROZEN 30 DAYS

^Setup

ALL WORKING DAYS

Components Parameters

URINE ALBUMIN, URINE CREATININE, ALBUMIN/CREATININE RATIO

PRE-ANALYTIC CONSIDERATIONS

Test Ordering Instructions

FILL OUT TEST REQUEST FORM FULLY & LEGIBLY.

Patient preparation

AVOID HEAVY EXERCISE BEFORE COLLECTION. AVOID COLLECTION DURING MENSES.

Sample type

URINE

Container/ preservative

CLEAN, LEAK PROOF CONTAINER

Sample volume

5 ML

Rejection criteria

LABELING ISSUE (UNLABELED/ MISLABELED); MISSING REQUEST FORM; MISMATCH BETWEEN REQUEST FORM & SAMPLE DETAILS; MISSING AGE/ GENDER; WRONG SAMPLE TYPE; INSUFFICIENT SAMPLE.

Other Instructions

N/A

Reference intervals

APPROPRIATE VALUES WILL BE PROVIDED ON THE REPORT

Clinical Utility

SCREENING FOR RENAL DISEASE E.G. EARLY DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY.

Test Limitations / Confounders

VIGOROUS EXERCISE, UTI, HEMOGLOBINURIA (OR CONTAMINATION DURING MENSES) CAN CAUSE TRANSIENT INCREASES.

08 Jun

URINE GLUCOSE, QUANTITATIVE

June 8, 2023June 8, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

ROUTINE CHEMISTRY

Sub Category

FLUID ANALYSIS

Synonym/Aliases

URINE GLUCOSE

Abbreviations

N/A

^Type

INDIVIDUAL TEST

^Results

RESULTS READY WITHIN 2-3 HOURS

^Method

SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC

^Temp

SAMPLE KEPT AT REFRIGERATED, 2-8ºC, 3 DAYS; FROZEN 30 DAYS

^Setup

ALL WORKING DAYS

Components Parameters

N/A

PRE-ANALYTIC CONSIDERATIONS

Test Ordering Instructions

FILL OUT TEST REQUEST FORM FULLY & LEGIBLY.

Patient preparation

- N/A

Sample type

URINE

Container/ preservative

CLEAN, LEAK PROOF CONTAINER

Sample volume

10 ML

Rejection criteria

LABELING ISSUE (UNLABELED/ MISLABELED); MISSING REQUEST FORM; MISMATCH BETWEEN REQUEST FORM & SAMPLE DETAILS; MISSING AGE/ GENDER; WRONG SAMPLE TYPE; INSUFFICIENT SAMPLE.

Other Instructions

LARGELY REPLACED BY BLOOD GLUCOSE TESTING.

Reference intervals

N/A

Clinical Utility

DETECTION OF GLYCOSURIA; SHOULD NOT BE USED TO DIAGNOSE DIABETES MELLITUS

Test Limitations / Confounders

- N/A

08 Jun

URIC ACID

June 8, 2023June 8, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

ROUTINE CHEMISTRY

Sub Category

METABOLIC

Synonym/Aliases

SERUM URATE

Abbreviations

^Type

INDIVIDUAL TEST

^Results

RESULTS READY WITHIN 3 HOURS

^Method

SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC

^Temp

SAMPLE KEPT AT ROOM TEMPERATURE 3 DAYS, 2-8ºC 7 DAYS, FROZEN >30 DAYS

^Setup

ALL WORKING DAYS

Components Parameters

N/A

PRE-ANALYTIC CONSIDERATIONS

Test Ordering Instructions

FILL OUT TEST REQUEST FORM FULLY & LEGIBLY.

Patient preparation

- N/A

Sample type

SERUM (HEPARIN PLASMA IS AN ACCEPTABLE ALTERNATIVE).

Container/ preservative

SERUM SEPARATOR TUBE (SST/ GEL) OR PLAIN (RED TOP) VACUTAINER.

Sample volume

3 ML

Rejection criteria

LABELING ISSUE (UNLABELED/ MISLABELED); MISSING REQUEST FORM; MISMATCH BETWEEN REQUEST FORM & SAMPLE DETAILS; MISSING AGE/ GENDER; WRONG SAMPLE TYPE; INSUFFICIENT SAMPLE; GROSS LIPEMIA.

Other Instructions

CENTRIFUGE SST (SERUM GEL TUBES) WITHIN 1-2 HOURS OF COLLECTION. CENTRIFUGE RED TOP VACUTAINERS AND ALIQUOT SERUM WITHIN 1-2 HOURS OF COLLECTION. THE SEPARATION VIAL MUST BE LABELED WITH AT LEAST 2 PATIENT IDENTIFIERS AND THE SAMPLE TYPE.

Reference intervals

AGE AND GENDER APPROPRIATE VALUES ARE PROVIDED WITH THE REPORT.

Clinical Utility

EVALUATION OF SUSPECTED HYPERURICEMIA (E.G. DUE TO GOUT, MALIGNANCY, CHEMOTHERAPY) OR NEPHROLITHIASIS.

Test Limitations / Confounders

- N/A

08 Jun

UREA, ELECTROLYTES AND CREATININE

June 8, 2023June 8, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

ROUTINE CHEMISTRY

Sub Category

ORGAN FUNCTION CHECKS

Synonym/Aliases

RENAL FUNCTION TEST, KIDNEY FUNCTION TEST

Abbreviations

UEC, U/E/C, RFT

^Type

PROFILE/ PANEL (BUNDLED TESTS)

^Results

RESULTS READY WITHIN 3 HOURS

^Method

SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC. EGFR IS A CALCULATED PARAMETER BASED ON CKD-EPI 2021 CREATININE EQUATION.

^Temp

SAMPLE KEPT AT ROOM TEMPERATURE 1 DAY, 2-8ºC 7 DAYS, FROZEN 30 DAYS

^Setup

ALL WORKING DAYS

Components Parameters

UREA, CREATININE, eGFR, ELECTROLYTES (SODIUM, POTASSIUM, CHLORIDE)

PRE-ANALYTIC CONSIDERATIONS

Test Ordering Instructions

FILL OUT TEST REQUEST FORM FULLY & LEGIBLY.

Patient preparation

- N/A

Sample type

SERUM.

Container/ preservative

SERUM SEPARATOR TUBE (SST/ GEL) OR PLAIN (RED TOP) VACUTAINER.

Sample volume

3 ML

Rejection criteria

LABELING ISSUE (UNLABELED/ MISLABELED); MISSING REQUEST FORM; MISMATCH BETWEEN REQUEST FORM & SAMPLE DETAILS; MISSING AGE/ GENDER; WRONG SAMPLE TYPE; INSUFFICIENT SAMPLE; GROSS LIPEMIA.

Other Instructions

SERUM GEL TUBES SHOULD BE CENTRIFUGED WITHIN 1-2 HOURS OF COLLECTION. RED-TOP TUBES SHOULD BE CENTRIFUGED AND ALIQUOTED WITHIN 1-2 HOURS OF COLLECTION.

Reference intervals

AGE AND GENDER APPROPRIATE VALUES ARE PROVIDED WITH THE REPORT.

Clinical Utility

USEFUL IN THE EVALUATION OF KIDNEY FUNCTION AND IN MONITORING PATIENTS UNDERGOING DIALYSIS.

Test Limitations / Confounders

- N/A

08 Jun

TOTAL PROTEIN, CSF

June 8, 2023June 8, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

ROUTINE CHEMISTRY

Sub Category

FLUID ANALYSIS

Synonym/Aliases

PLEURAL FLUID TOTAL PROTEIN; PERITONEAL/ ASCITIC FLUID TOTAL PROTEIN; SYNOVIAL/ JOINT FLUID TOTAL PROTEIN; PERICARDIAL FLUID TOTAL PROTEIN; TOTAL PROTEIN, BODY FLUID.

Abbreviations

N/A

^Type

INDIVIDUAL TEST

^Results

RESULTS READY WITHIN 2 WORKING DAYS

^Method

SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC

^Temp

SAMPLE KEPT ATREFRIGERATE, 2-8ºC, 7 DAYS; FROZEN 30 DAYS.

^Setup

ALL WORKING DAYS

Components Parameters

ALBUMIN SERUM, ALBUMIN FLUID

PRE-ANALYTIC CONSIDERATIONS

Test Ordering Instructions

FILL OUT TEST REQUEST FORM FULLY & LEGIBLY. SPECIFY FLUID TYPE/ SITE.

Patient preparation

- N/A

Sample type

VARIABLE I.E. PLEURAL FLUID, PERITONEAL/ ASCITIC FLUID; SYNOVIAL/ JOINT FLUID ETC.

Container/ preservative

CLEAN, LEAK PROOF CONTAINER

Sample volume

3 ML

Rejection criteria

LABELING ISSUE (UNLABELED/ MISLABELED); MISSING REQUEST FORM; MISMATCH BETWEEN REQUEST FORM & SAMPLE DETAILS; MISSING AGE/ GENDER; WRONG SAMPLE TYPE; INSUFFICIENT SAMPLE.

Other Instructions

N/A

Reference intervals

AGE AND GENDER APPROPRIATE VALUES PROVIDED WITH REPORT

Clinical Utility

FLUID EVALUATION TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN TRANSUDATES & EXUDATES/ NARROW DOWN DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS.

Test Limitations / Confounders

- N/A

08 Jun

TOTAL CHOLESTEROL

June 8, 2023June 8, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

ROUTINE CHEMISTRY

Sub Category

CARDIOVASCULAR RISK ASSESSMENT

Synonym/Aliases

CHOLESTEROL

Abbreviations

N/A

^Type

INDIVIDUAL TEST

^Results

RESULTS READY WITHIN 2 TO 3 HOURS

^Method

ENZYMATIC SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC

^Temp

SAMPLE KEPT ATROOM TEMPERATURE 1 DAY, 2-8ºC 7 DAYS, FROZEN 14 DAYS

^Setup

ALL WORKING DAYS

Components Parameters

ALBUMIN SERUM, ALBUMIN FLUID

PRE-ANALYTIC CONSIDERATIONS

Test Ordering Instructions

FILL OUT TEST REQUEST FORM FULLY & LEGIBLY.

Patient preparation

- N/A

Sample type

SERUM

Container/ preservative

SERUM SEPARATOR TUBE (SST/ GEL) OR PLAIN (RED TOP) VACUTAINER.

Sample volume

3 ML

Rejection criteria

LABELING ISSUE (UNLABELED/ MISLABELED); MISSING REQUEST FORM; MISMATCH BETWEEN REQUEST FORM & SAMPLE DETAILS; MISSING AGE/ GENDER; WRONG SAMPLE TYPE; INSUFFICIENT SAMPLE.

Other Instructions

SERUM GEL TUBES SHOULD BE CENTRIFUGED WITHIN 1-2 HOURS OF COLLECTION. RED-TOP TUBES SHOULD BE CENTRIFUGED AND ALIQUOTED WITHIN 1-2 HOURS OF COLLECTION.

Reference intervals

AGE AND GENDER APPROPRIATE VALUES PROVIDED WITH REPORT

Clinical Utility

EVALUATION OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK. CAN BE DONE AS PART OF HEALTH & WELLNESS ASSESSMENTS.

Test Limitations / Confounders

- N/A

08 Jun

TOTAL BILIRUBIN

June 8, 2023June 8, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

ROUTINE CHEMISTRY

Sub Category

ORGAN FUNCTION CHECKS

Synonym/Aliases

N/A

Abbreviations

N/A

^Type

INDIVIDUAL TEST

^Results

RESULTS READY WITHIN 3 TO 2 HOURS

^Method

SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC. DIAZO METHOD

^Temp

SAMPLE KEPT AT ROOM TEMPERATURE 2 DAYS, 2-8ºC 3 DAYS, FROZEN 14 DAYS

^Setup

ALL WORKING DAYS

Components Parameters

ALBUMIN SERUM, ALBUMIN FLUID

PRE-ANALYTIC CONSIDERATIONS

Test Ordering Instructions

FILL OUT TEST REQUEST FORM FULLY & LEGIBLY.

Patient preparation

- N/A

Sample type

SERUM

Container/ preservative

SERUM SEPARATOR TUBE (SST/ GEL) OR PLAIN (RED TOP) VACUTAINER.

Sample volume

3 ML

Rejection criteria

LABELING ISSUE (UNLABELED/ MISLABELED); MISSING REQUEST FORM; MISMATCH BETWEEN REQUEST FORM & SAMPLE DETAILS; MISSING AGE/ GENDER; WRONG SAMPLE TYPE; INSUFFICIENT SAMPLE.

Other Instructions

Reference intervals

AGE AND GENDER APPROPRIATE VALUES PROVIDED WITH REPORT

Clinical Utility

DIAGNOSE LIVER DISEASE. ASSESSING LIVER FUNCTION. EVALUATING A WIDE RANGE OF DISEASES AFFECTING THE PRODUCTION, UPTAKE, STORAGE, METABOLISM, OR EXCRETION OF BILIRUBIN. MONITORING THE EFFICACY OF NEONATAL PHOTOTHERAPY.

Test Limitations / Confounders

PROTECT FROM DIRECT LIGHT (PHOTOSENSITIVE ANALYTE).

08 Jun

TIBC

June 8, 2023June 8, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

ROUTINE CHEMISTRY

Sub Category

ANEMIA & NUTRITION

Synonym/Aliases

TOTAL IRON BINDING CAPACITY

Abbreviations

TIBC

^Type

INDIVIDUAL TEST

^Results

RESULTS READY WITHIN 2 WORKING DAYS

^Method

SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC

^Temp

SAMPLE KEPT AT ROOM TEMPERATURE 2-3 HOURS, 2-8ºC 7 DAYS, FROZEN 14 DAYS

^Setup

ALL WORKING DAYS

Components Parameters

ALBUMIN SERUM, ALBUMIN FLUID

PRE-ANALYTIC CONSIDERATIONS

Test Ordering Instructions

FILL OUT TEST REQUEST FORM FULLY & LEGIBLY.

Patient preparation

- N/A

Sample type

SERUM

Container/ preservative

SERUM SEPARATOR TUBE (SST/ GEL) OR PLAIN (RED TOP) VACUTAINER.

Sample volume

3 ML

Rejection criteria

LABELING ISSUE (UNLABELED/ MISLABELED); MISSING REQUEST FORM; MISMATCH BETWEEN REQUEST FORM & SAMPLE DETAILS; MISSING AGE/ GENDER; WRONG SAMPLE TYPE; INSUFFICIENT SAMPLE.

Other Instructions

SERUM GEL TUBES SHOULD BE CENTRIFUGED WITHIN 1-2 HOURS OF COLLECTION. RED-TOP TUBES SHOULD BE CENTRIFUGED AND ALIQUOTED WITHIN 1-2 HOURS OF COLLECTION.

Reference intervals

AGE AND GENDER APPROPRIATE VALUES PROVIDED WITH REPORT

Clinical Utility

EVALUATION OF SUSPECTED IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA (IDA), ANEMIA OF CHRONIC DISEASE (ACD), IRON OVERLOAD (DUE TO MULTIPLE TRANFUSIONS, HEREDITARY HEMOCHROMATOSIS ETC.)

Test Limitations / Confounders

RECENT IRON ADMINISTRATION WILL ALTER BASELINE RESULTS.

08 Jun

STOOL REDUCING SUBSTANCES

June 8, 2023June 8, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

ROUTINE CHEMISTRY

Sub Category

MISCELLANEOUS

Synonym/Aliases

REDUCING SUBSTANCES, FECAL; STOOL SUGAR; FECAL SUGAR.

Abbreviations

N/A

^Type

INDIVIDUAL TEST

^Results

RESULTS READY WITHIN 3 HOURS

^Method

BIOCHEMICAL (BENEDICT'S TEST)

^Temp

SAMPLE KEPT AT REFRIGERATED (1 WEEK) OR FROZEN (2 WEEKS).

^Setup

ALL WORKING DAYS

Components Parameters

ALBUMIN SERUM, ALBUMIN FLUID

PRE-ANALYTIC CONSIDERATIONS

Test Ordering Instructions

FILL OUT TEST REQUEST FORM FULLY & LEGIBLY.

Patient preparation

- N/A

Sample type

STOOL

Container/ preservative

CLEAN, LEAK PROOF CONTAINER

Sample volume

5 ML SPOT URINE

Rejection criteria

LABELING ISSUE (UNLABELED/ MISLABELED); MISSING REQUEST FORM; MISMATCH BETWEEN REQUEST FORM & SAMPLE DETAILS; MISSING AGE/ GENDER; WRONG SAMPLE TYPE (STOOL IN ANY FIXATIVE OR PRESERVATIVE; STOOL IN DIAPERS); INSUFFICIENT SAMPLE.

Other Instructions

- N/A

Reference intervals

NEGATIVE/ NOT DETECTED/ TRACE

Clinical Utility

DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN OSMOTIC VS. NON-OSMOTIC DIARRHEA.

Test Limitations / Confounders

- N/A

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