TEST ORDERING INSTRUCTIONS:
Fill out test request form fully & legibly. Provide your contact information & complete history including suspected diagnosis & relevant investigation details (lab, imaging). Specify the exact sample type, procedure done, anatomic site, laterality where applicable (e.g. left vs right) and the fixative used.
SAMPLE TYPE:
A variety of specimens are categorized as ""small"" based on hybrid criteria (size/ complexity/ cost of processing/ pathologist time) e.g. appendix, bone biopsy or curettings (bone resections for malignancy are large specimens), branchial cleft or cyst, breast biopsy (mastectomy specimens are large specimens), bronchial biopsy, cervix biopsy, cholesteatoma, colon biopsy, conjunctival biopsy or pterygium, cornea, endometrial curettings, endoscopic biopsy, fallopian tube, gall bladder, ganglion cyst, gastric biopsy, gum or oral mucosa biopsy, hernia sac, hydrocele sac, joint & periarticular tissue without bone, laryngeal biopsy, lung (needle or transbronchial) biopsy, lymph node biopsy, nasopharyngeal biopsy, oesophageal biopsy or diverticulum, omentum biopsy, oropharyngeal biopsy, peritoneal biopsy, pleural or pericardial biopsy/ tissue; products of conception (POCs), rectal biopsy, skin biopsy, small bowel biopsy, testis, testis biopsy, thyroglossal duct, tongue biopsy (tongue with local neoplasm or with nodes is categorized as a medium specimen), tracheal biopsy, tonsil or adenoids, ureter biopsy or resection, urethra biopsy or resection, vaginal biopsy etc.
CONTAINER/ PRESERVATIVE
10% formalin (10% neutral buffered formalin preferred) in appropriate size, leak proof container. Immerse specimen into formalin within 30 minutes of removal. Ensure specimen is immersed in fixative & not stuck on the side/ lid of the container. For guidance on how to prepare 10% neutral buffered formalin, see this video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vr2y4-fAOs4
SAMPLE VOLUME:
Volume of formalin to tissue of ≥10:1
Clinical Utility
Histopathologic examination of tissue involves microscopic analysis of biopsy or surgical specimens. It's crucial for:
1. Diagnosing diseases e.g. cancers
2. Determining disease stage and grade
3. Assessing surgical margins in cancer removal
4. Identifying infections/ infectious agents
5. Evaluating treatment efficacy
6. Guiding treatment decisions
7. Providing prognostic information (predicting how a disease might progress)
8. Supporting clinical-pathological correlation
9. Aiding in research and understanding disease mechanisms
This test offers vital insights for patient care and treatment planning.