Haematology – ScanLab Center

16 May

THERAPEUTIC VENESECTION

May 16, 2023May 16, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

Transfusion/ Immunohaematology

Sub Category

Transfusion/ Immunohaematology

Synonyms/Aliases

Therapeutic Phlebotomy

Abbreviations

N/A

^Type

N/A (Procedure)

^Results

Prior to the procedure.

^Method

Venipuncture

^Temp

Ambient/ Refrigerated.

^Setup

Weekdays

Components Parameters

This is a procedure prescribed as part of medical treatment. To confirm eligibility for the procedure, a Hematocrit test will be performed prior. Ferritin test may be indicated in select patients.

Pre-analytic Considerations

N/A

Test Ordering Instructions

Fill out test request form fully & legibly; indication (diagnosis; reason) for the procedure must be stated. The amount to be removed, target Hematocrit value must be stated by the doctor.

Patient preparation

Therapeutic Phlebotomy consent must be filled.

Sample type

EDTA Whole Blood (For Hematocrit Assessment); Serum (For Ferritin Testing In Select Patients With a Diagnosis Of Iron Overload Or Hemochromatosis). Not Required If Recent Results Are Available.

Container/ preservative

Blood bags (for venesection); EDTA (purple top) vacutainer - for Hematocrit testing; plain top or SST (gel) - for Ferritin testing in select patients only.

Sample volume

3ML (Min 0.5ML) For Hematocrit Test; 2ML For Ferritin Test

Rejection criteria

Indication unknown; target Hematocrit value not specified.

Other Instructions

Procedure offered for walk-in clients only.

Reference intervals

Not Applicable (Procedure)

Clinical Utility

Patients with Polycythemia (primary or secondary).

Test Limitations/ Confounders

Patient must be in relatively stable condition to do the procedure as an outpatient e.g. Not in CCF.

16 May

INDIRECT COOMBS TEST (ICT)

May 16, 2023May 16, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

Transfusion/ Immunohaematology

Sub Category

Transfusion/ Immunohaematology

Synonyms/Aliases

Indirect Antiglobulin Test.

Abbreviations

ICT, IAT

^Type

Individual Test.

^{3-4 Hrs}

3-4 hours after receiving sample.

^Method

Hemagglutination.

^Temp

Room Temperature (24 Hours), Frozen (21 Days).

^Setup

All working days.

Components Parameters

N/A

Pre-analytic Considerations

N/A

Test Ordering Instructions

Fill out test request form fully & legibly.

Patient preparation

N/A

Sample type

Serum

Container/ preservative

SST, Red Top

Sample volume

4ML

Rejection criteria

Labeling Issue (Unlabeled/ Mislabeled); Missing Request Form; Wrong Sample Type; Insufficient Sample.

Other Instructions

N/A

Reference intervals

Negative.

Clinical Utility

Prenatal Antibody Screening, Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia, Work Up Of Transfusion Reactions.

Test Limitations/ Confounders

N/A

16 May

DIRECT COOMBS TEST (DCT)

May 16, 2023May 16, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

Transfusion/ Immunohaematology

Sub Category

Transfusion/ Immunohaematology

Synonyms/Aliases

Direct Antiglobulin Test.

Abbreviations

DCT, DAT

^Type

Individual test.

^{2-4 Hrs}

2-4 hours after receiving sample.

^Method

Hemagglutination Test.

^Temp

Room Temperature (24 Hours); Refrigerated, 2 - 8⁰c (3 Days).

^Setup

All working days.

Components Parameters

N/A

Pre-analytic Considerations

N/A

Test Ordering Instructions

Fill out test request form fully & legibly.

Patient preparation

N/A

Sample type

EDTA whole blood.

Container/ preservative

EDTA (purple top) vacutainer.

Sample volume

2ML

Rejection criteria

Unlabeled/ Mislabeled Samples; Missing/ Wrong Request Form; Frozen Samples, Clotted Sample, Wrong Vacutainer Tube.

Other Instructions

Label sample with at least 2 patient identifiers e.g. Full name & date of birth.

Reference intervals

Negative.

Clinical Utility

Evaluation of autoimmune hemolytic Anemia, Hemolytic disease of the newborn.

Test Limitations/ Confounders

Presence of cold autoantibodies can affect interpretation of results, clotted sample can result to false positive results.

12 May

TREPHINE BONE MARROW BIOPSY (REPORTING ONLY)

May 12, 2023May 12, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

Hematology

Sub Category

Histology

Synonyms/Aliases

Bone Marrow Biopsy, BM Biopsy.

Abbreviations

N/A

^Type

Profile/ panel (bundled tests).

^{7 Days}

Results ready in 7 days.

^Method

Tissue processing, staining and microscopy.

^Temp

Room temperature.

^Setup

Mon-Fri

Components Parameters

N/A. However concurrent CBC/ PBF ordering is required.

Pre-analytic Considerations

N/A

Test Ordering Instructions

Fill out test request form fully & legibly. Clinical history/ indications required inclusive of results of other diagnostic work-up. Concurrent CBC printout or CBC order required. Concurrent PBF order/ examination required for optimal hematological assessment.

Patient preparation

N/A

Sample type

Properly Prepared, Labeled, Air Dried, Fixed Smears Required. Slides Should Be Labeled With 2 Patient Identifiers, Including Name. If Slides Are Not Fixed, Label as Unfixed. If Fixation is done, This Should Be With Freshly Prepared Methanol.

Container/ preservative

Trephine Biopsy should be placed in 10% neutral Buffered Formalin. Additionally if a bone marrow aspirate (BMA) sample is concurrently obtained, BMA slides should be prepared directly. Alternatively, BMA sample can be transferred into EDTA (purple top) Vacutainer but slides must then be prepared within 1-2 hours of collection.

Sample volume

Aim for Trephine Biopsy length ≥15mm.

Rejection criteria

Labeling Issue (Unlabeled/ Mislabeled); Missing Request Form; Mismatch Between Request Form & Sample Details; Missing Age/ Gender; Wrong Sample Type; Insufficient Sample; Broken Slides

Other Instructions

If additional tests are required, obtain the relevant samples & list them on the request form e.g. Flow cytometry (EDTA & heparin Vacutainer, 3ml each), Cytogenetics (Sodium Heparin Vacutainer), Culture (Bood Culture Bottles) etc.

Reference intervals

Negative for disease / Malignancy.

Clinical Utility

Variable E.g. Assess Unexplained Cytopenias (Anemia, Leukopenia, Thrombocytopenia), Unexplained Cytoses (Polycythemia, Leukocytosis, Thrombocytosis), Suspected Malignancy or Infiltration (Leukemia, Lymphoma, Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, Metastatic Disease), Pyrexia of Unknown Origin, Infectious Diseases (E.g. Leishmaniasis), B Symptoms (Unintentional Weight Loss, Drenching Night Sweats, Fever) Etc.

Test Limitations/ Confounders

Poor BMA Slide Preparation & Fixation Can Make BMA Unreportable; Poor Trephine Biopsy Fixation & Decalcification Can Make Biopsies Unreportable.

12 May

TREPHINE BONE MARROW BIOPSY (PROCEDURE AND REPORTING)

May 12, 2023May 12, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

Hematology

Sub Category

Histology

Synonyms/Aliases

Bone Marrow Biopsy, BM Biopsy.

Abbreviations

N/A

^Type

Individual Test

^{7 Days}

Results ready in 7 days.

^Method

Tissue processing, staining and microscopy.

^Temp

Room temperature.

^Setup

Mon-Fri

Components Parameters

N/A. However concurrent CBC/ PBF ordering is required.

Pre-analytic Considerations

N/A

Test Ordering Instructions

Patient preparation

Booking for the procedure is required. Children require sedation/ anaesthesia therefore should be in fasting status at the time of the procedure. Charges for sedation/ anaesthesia are additional.

Sample type

Container/ preservative

Sample volume

Aim for Trephine Biopsy length ≥15mm.

Rejection criteria

Labeling Issue (Unlabeled/ Mislabeled); Missing Request Form; Mismatch Between Request Form & Sample Details; Missing Age/ Gender; Wrong Sample Type; Insufficient Sample; Broken Slides

Other Instructions

Reference intervals

Negative for disease / Malignancy.

Clinical Utility

Test Limitations/ Confounders

Poor BMA Slide Preparation & Fixation Can Make BMA Unreportable; Poor Trephine Biopsy Fixation & Decalcification Can Make Biopsies Unreportable.

12 May

SICKLING TEST

May 12, 2023May 12, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

Hematology

Sub Category

Haemolytic Anemia.

Synonyms/Aliases

N/A

Abbreviations

N/A

^Type

Individual Test

^{24 Hrs}

Results ready in 24 hrs.

^Method

Metabisulphite Test or Immunochromatographic Test.

^Temp

Room temperature/Refrigerated

^Setup

Daily

Components Parameters

N/A

Pre-analytic Considerations

N/A

Test Ordering Instructions

Fill out test request form fully & legibly. Exact age (date of birth preferred) and history of blood transfusion (within the past 3-4 months) is required.

Patient preparation

N/A

Sample type

EDTA whole blood.

Container/ preservative

EDTA (Purple Top) Vacutainer

Sample volume

3ML

Rejection criteria

Labeling Issue (Unlabeled/ Mislabeled); Missing Request Form; Mismatch Between Request Form & Sample Details; Missing Age/ Gender; Wrong Sample Type; Insufficient Sample.

Other Instructions

N/A

Reference intervals

Negative

Clinical Utility

Diagnosis of Sickling Disorders (Sickle Cell Anemia/ Sickle Cell Disease).

Test Limitations/ Confounders

Recent transfusion is a confounder therefore testing should be preferentially done on a pre-transfusion sample or >3-4 months post transfusion.

12 May

RETICULOCYTE COUNT

May 12, 2023May 12, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

Hematology

Sub Category

General.

Synonyms/Aliases

Retic Count

Abbreviations

N/A

^Type

Profile/ Panel (Bundled Tests).

^{4 Hrs}

Results ready in 4 hrs.

^Method

Smear review microscopy or automated counter.

^Temp

Room temperature.

^Setup

Daily

Components Parameters

RBC, Retic %, Retic Absolute

Pre-analytic Considerations

N/A

Test Ordering Instructions

Fill out test request form fully & legibly. Should be performed within 24 hours of collection.

Patient preparation

N/A

Sample type

EDTA whole blood.

Container/ preservative

EDTA (Purple Top) Vacutainer

Sample volume

3ML

Rejection criteria

Labeling issue (unlabeled/ mislabeled); missing request form; mismatch between request form & sample details; missing age/ gender; wrong sample type; insufficient sample; clotted sample; old samples more than 24-48 hours.

Other Instructions

N/A

Reference intervals

Age & gender appropriate values are provided on the report.

Clinical Utility

Useful Indicator of Bone Marrow Response to Anemia.

Test Limitations/ Confounders

N/A

11 May

PERIPHERAL BLOOD FILM

May 11, 2023May 12, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

Hematology

Sub Category

Cytology

Synonyms/Aliases

Blood Film

Abbreviations

PBF

^Type

Individual Test

^{24 Hrs}

Within 24 hours on weekdays

^Method

Smear review Microscopy.

^Temp

2-8ºC

^Setup

Daily

Components Parameters

N/A

Pre-analytic Considerations

N/A

Test Ordering Instructions

Fill out test request form fully & legibly. Prepare slides within 2 hours.

Patient preparation

N/A

Sample type

EDTA whole blood (used to prepare slides).

Container/ preservative

EDTA (purple top) vacutainer.

Sample volume

3ML

Rejection criteria

Labeling issue (unlabeled/ mislabeled); missing request form; mismatch between request form & sample details; missing age/ gender; wrong sample type; insufficient sample. Broken slides.

Other Instructions

Should be accompanied by concurrent CBC printout.

Reference intervals

Negative for disease or Malignancy.

Clinical Utility

Cell evaluation.

Test Limitations/ Confounders

Poor slide preparation / drying/ fixation can compromise interpretation/ make PBF unreportable.

11 May

OSMOTIC FRAGILITY TEST

May 11, 2023May 11, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

Hematology

Sub Category

Haemolytic Anemia

Synonyms/Aliases

N/A

Abbreviations

N/A

^Type

Individual Test

^{5 Days}

Results ready in 5 Days.

^Method

Manual

^Temp

2-8ºC

^Setup

Daily

Components Parameters

N/A

Pre-analytic Considerations

N/A

Test Ordering Instructions

Fill out test request form fully & legibly.

Patient preparation

N/A

Sample type

Heparin whole blood (and EDTA for smear preparation).

Container/ preservative

Heparin (green top) vacutainer and smear freshly prepared from EDTA vacutainer.

Sample volume

3ML

Rejection criteria

Labeling issue (unlabeled/ mislabeled); missing request form; mismatch between request form & sample details; missing age/ gender; wrong sample type; insufficient sample; clotted sample.

Other Instructions

N/A

Reference intervals

Negative

Clinical Utility

Evaluation of suspected hereditary Spherocytosis.

Test Limitations/ Confounders

Does not distinguish between hereditary Spherocytosis & Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA).

11 May

MALARIA MICROSCOPY

May 11, 2023May 11, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

Hematology

Sub Category

Infectious

Synonyms/Aliases

Blood smear for malaria parasite.

Abbreviations

BS FOR MPS

^Type

Individual Test

^{2 Hrs}

Results ready in 2 Hrs after receipt.

^Method

Smear review microscopy (thick &/ or thin smears).

^Temp

Room temperature/ refrigerated.

^Setup

Daily

Components Parameters

N/A

Pre-analytic Considerations

N/A

Test Ordering Instructions

Fill out test request form fully & legibly. Test should ideally be performed before commencement of drug therapy.

Patient preparation

N/A

Sample type

EDTA whole blood

Container/ preservative

EDTA (purple top) vacutainer. Alternatively, refer well prepared slides.

Sample volume

3ML (Min 1ML)

Rejection criteria

Labeling issue (unlabeled/ mislabeled); missing request form; mismatch between request form & sample details; missing age/ gender; wrong sample type; insufficient sample. Broken slides if applicable.

Other Instructions

N/A

Reference intervals

Negative

Clinical Utility

Used for diagnosis of Malaria

Test Limitations/ Confounders

N/A

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