Special chemistry (Endocrine) – Page 3

07 Jun

PORPHYRIA PROFILE

June 7, 2023June 7, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

SPECIAL CHEMISTRY.

Sub Category

PORPHYRIA.

Synonyms/Aliases

PORPHOBILINOGEN; AMINOLEVULINIC ACID; DELTA AMINOLAEVULINIC ACID; 5-AMINOLAEVULINATE.

Abbreviations

PBG; ALA, DELTA ALA, D-ALA.

^Type

PROFILE/ PANEL (BUNDLED TESTS).

^{7 Days}

RESULTS READY/ REPORTED IN 7 WORKING DAYS.

^Method

SPECTROPHOTOMETRY.

^Temp

REFRIGERATED (2℃-8℃): 4-7DAYS; F (-20℃): 30DAYS; AMBIENT NOT ACCEPTABLE.

^Setup

BATCHED.

Components Parameters

PORPHOBILINOGEN (PBG) AND AMINOLEVULINIC ACID (ALA).

PRE-ANALYTIC CONSIDERATIONS

Test Ordering Instructions

FILL OUT TEST REQUEST FORM FULLY & LEGIBLY.

Patient preparation

INSTRUCTIONS FOR 24 HOUR URINE COLLECTION APPLY IF SAMPLE TYPE IS 24 HOUR URINE (SPOT/ RANDOM URINE IS AN ACCEPTABLE ALTERNATIVE).

Sample type

RANDOM URINE OR 24 HOUR URINE IN A DARK CONTAINER E.G. FULLY COVERED IN ALUMINIUM FOIL (PHOTO SENSITIVE ANALYTE).

Container/ preservative

DARK CONTAINER (AMBER COLOURED OR COVERED IN FOIL) WITHOUT PRESERVATIVE.

Sample volume

10ML OF SPOT URINE OR 10ML ALIQUOT OF 24 HOUR URINE PROTECTED FROM LIGHT.

Rejection criteria

LABELING ISSUE (UNLABELED/ MISLABELED); MISSING REQUEST FORM; MISMATCH BETWEEN REQUEST FORM & SAMPLE DETAILS; MISSING AGE/ GENDER; WRONG SAMPLE TYPE; INSUFFICIENT SAMPLE; 24 HOUR URINE VOLUME MISSING FOR 24 HOUR URINE SAMPLES; SAMPLE NOT PROTECTED FROM LIGHT OR AT ROOM TEMPERATURE.

Other Instructions

NOT APPLICABLE

Reference intervals

AGE & GENDER APPROPRIATE VALUES ARE PROVIDED ON THE REPORT.

Clinical Utility

EVALUATION OF SUSPECTED ACUTE PORPHYRIA (WHEN PATIENT IS SYMPTOMATIC/ HAS NEUROVISCERAL SYMPTOMS); FOR SUSPECTED LEAD POISONING, SPECIFIC TESTING FOR LEAD IS PREFERRED.

Test Limitations/ Confounders

FALSE NEGATIVE RESULTS MAY OCCUR DUE TO LIGHT EXPOSURE (ANALYTES ARE PHOTOSENSITIVE) OR IF PATIENT IS ASYMPTOMATIC AT THE TIME OF TESTING. HEREDITARY TYROSINEMIA AND LEAD POISONING CAN LEAD TO ISOLATED INCREASES IN ALA LEVELS. PRESERVATIVES MAY INTERFERE WITH RESULTS.

07 Jun

PHENYTOIN

June 7, 2023June 7, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

SPECIAL CHEMISTRY.

Sub Category

DRUGS/ TDM/ TOXICOLOGY.

Synonyms/Aliases

DILANTIN, EPANUTIN.

Abbreviations

DIL.

^Type

INDIVIDUAL TEST.

^{5 Days}

RESULTS READY/ REPORTED IN 5 WORKING DAYS.

^Method

IMMUNOASSAY.

^Temp

AMBIENT (25℃): 2HOURS; R (2℃-8℃): 2DAYS; F (-20℃): 7DAYS.

^Setup

BATCHED.

Components Parameters

NOT APPLICABLE.

PRE-ANALYTIC CONSIDERATIONS

Test Ordering Instructions

FILL OUT TEST REQUEST FORM FULLY & LEGIBLY. DETAILED SPECIFIC HISTORY IS REQUIRED E.G. EXACT INDICATION FOR DRUG MONITORING, DRUG HISTORY (I.E. DOSE, ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION, DURATION SINCE TREATMENT WAS STARTED OR DOSE ADJUSTED, CONCURRENT MEDICATION), HEIGHT, WEIGHT.

Patient preparation

SPECIFIC TIMING APPLIES I.E. COLLECT TROUGH (PRE-DOSE) SAMPLE.

Sample type

SERUM.

Container/ preservative

PLAIN (RED TOP) VACUTAINER. SERUM SEPARATOR TUBES (SST/ GEL) ARE UNACCEPTABLE.

Sample volume

2 ML.

Rejection criteria

LABELING ISSUE (UNLABELED/ MISLABELED); MISSING REQUEST FORM; MISMATCH BETWEEN REQUEST FORM & SAMPLE DETAILS; MISSING AGE/ GENDER; WRONG SAMPLE TYPE (INCLUDING SST/ GEL TUBES); INSUFFICIENT SAMPLE; HEMOLYZED SAMPLES; MISSING HISTORY AS EXPOUNDED UNDER TEST ORDERING INSTRUCTIONS.

Other Instructions

CENTRIFUGE SST (SERUM GEL TUBES) WITHIN 1-2 HOURS OF COLLECTION. CENTRIFUGE RED TOP VACUTAINERS AND ALIQUOT SERUM WITHIN 1-2 HOURS OF COLLECTION. THE SEPARATION VIAL MUST BE LABELED WITH AT LEAST 2 PATIENT IDENTIFIERS AND THE SAMPLE TYPE.

Reference intervals

AGE & GENDER APPROPRIATE VALUES ARE PROVIDED ON THE REPORT.

Clinical Utility

OPTIMIZE DRUG DOSAGE (TO AVOID SUBTHERAPEUTIC & TOXIC DOSES I.E. ENSURE TARGET THERAPEUTIC RANGE IS ACHIEVED); TO VERIFY COMPLIANCE. PHENYTOIN IS AN ANTI-EPILEPTIC (ANTI-CONVULSANT) DRUG.

Test Limitations/ Confounders

LEVELS ARE INFLUENCED BY DOSAGE REGIMEN, DRUG INTERACTIONS, INDIVIDUAL'S METABOLIZING CAPACITY, LIVER DYSFUNCTION. SST/ GEL TUBES CAN ADSORB THE DRUG LEADING TO FALSELY LOWERED DRUG LEVELS & SHOULD BE AVOIDED.

07 Jun

PHADIATOP ALLERGEN SCREENING (>5 YEARS OLD)

June 7, 2023June 7, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

SPECIAL CHEMISTRY.

Sub Category

ALLERGY.

Synonyms/Aliases

PHADIATOP-ADULT FOR >5 YEARS.

Abbreviations

NOT APPLICABLE.

^Type

INDIVIDUAL TEST.

^{5 Days}

RESULTS READY/ REPORTED IN 5 WORKING DAYS.

^Method

IMMUNOCAP.

^Temp

AMBIENT (25℃): 1DAY; R (2℃-8℃): 7DAYS; F (-20℃): 30DAYS.

^Setup

BATCHED.

Components Parameters

NOT APPLICABLE.

PRE-ANALYTIC CONSIDERATIONS

Test Ordering Instructions

FILL OUT TEST REQUEST FORM FULLY & LEGIBLY.

Patient preparation

N/A

Sample type

SERUM.

Container/ preservative

SERUM SEPARATOR TUBE (SST/ GEL) OR PLAIN (RED TOP) VACUTAINER.

Sample volume

AT LEAST 3 ML.

Rejection criteria

LABELING ISSUE (UNLABELED/ MISLABELED); MISSING REQUEST FORM; MISMATCH BETWEEN REQUEST FORM & SAMPLE DETAILS; MISSING AGE/ GENDER; WRONG SAMPLE TYPE; INSUFFICIENT SAMPLE., MISSING AGE OF THE PATIENT.

Other Instructions

Reference intervals

SCREEN NEGATIVE.

Clinical Utility

SCREENING FOR ALLERGY/ INHALANT ALLERGY.

Test Limitations/ Confounders

RESULTS MUST BE INTERPRETED IN CONJUNCTION WITH CLINICAL HISTORY & SYMPTOMS.

07 Jun

PHADIATOP ALLERGEN SCREENING (<5 YEARS OLD)

June 7, 2023June 7, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

SPECIAL CHEMISTRY.

Sub Category

ALLERGY.

Synonyms/Aliases

PHADIATOP-INFANT FOR <5 YEARS.

Abbreviations

NOT APPLICABLE.

^Type

INDIVIDUAL TEST.

^{5 Days}

RESULTS READY/ REPORTED IN 5 WORKING DAYS.

^Method

IMMUNOCAP.

^Temp

AMBIENT (1DAY); REFRIGERATED, 2℃-8℃ (14DAYS); F, -20℃ (>30DAYS).

^Setup

BATCHED.

Components Parameters

NOT APPLICABLE.

PRE-ANALYTIC CONSIDERATIONS

Test Ordering Instructions

FILL OUT TEST REQUEST FORM FULLY & LEGIBLY.

Patient preparation

N/A

Sample type

SERUM.

Container/ preservative

SERUM SEPARATOR TUBE (SST/ GEL) OR PLAIN (RED TOP) VACUTAINER.

Sample volume

AT LEAST 2 ML.

Rejection criteria

LABELING ISSUE (UNLABELED/ MISLABELED); MISSING REQUEST FORM; MISMATCH BETWEEN REQUEST FORM & SAMPLE DETAILS; MISSING AGE/ GENDER; WRONG SAMPLE TYPE; INSUFFICIENT SAMPLE.

Other Instructions

Reference intervals

NEGATIVE.

Clinical Utility

SCREENING FOR ALLERGY/ INHALANT ALLERGY.

Test Limitations/ Confounders

RESULTS MUST BE INTERPRETED IN CONJUNCTION WITH CLINICAL HISTORY & SYMPTOMS.

12 Dec

TESTOSTERONE, TOTAL

December 12, 2022June 7, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

SPECIAL CHEMISTRY.

Sub Category

ENDOCRINE.

Synonyms/Aliases

TESTOSTERONE.

Abbreviations

N/A.

^Type

INDIVIDUAL TEST

^{3 HOURS}

RESULTS READY/ REPORTED IN 3 HOURS.

^Method

IMMUNOASSAY.

^Temp

AMBIENT, REFRIGERATED (PREFERRED) OR FROZEN.

^Setup

DAILY.

Components Parameters

NOT APPLICABLE.

PRE-ANALYTIC CONSIDERATIONS

Test Ordering Instructions

FILL OUT TEST REQUEST FORM FULLY & LEGIBLY.

Patient preparation

STANDARDIZE COLLECTION BY COLLECTING SAMPLES BETWEEN 8-10A.M. (ENDOCRINE SOCIETY RECOMMENDATION).

Sample type

SERUM. HEPARIN PLASMA IS AN ACCEPTABLE ALTERNATE SPECIMEN.

Container/ preservative

SERUM SEPARATOR TUBE (SST/ GEL) OR PLAIN (RED TOP) VACUTAINER.

Sample volume

AT LEAST 2ML.

Rejection criteria

LABELING ISSUE (UNLABELED/ MISLABELED); MISSING REQUEST FORM; MISMATCH BETWEEN REQUEST FORM & SAMPLE DETAILS; MISSING AGE/ GENDER; WRONG SAMPLE TYPE; INSUFFICIENT SAMPLE.

Other Instructions

Reference intervals

DEPENDENT ON AGE, GENDER & TANNER STAGE.

Clinical Utility

EVALUATION OF SUSPECTED MALE HYPOGONADISM (LOW LIBIDO, ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION, ETC.). AS A FOLLOW UP TEST FOR ABNORMAL SEMENALYSIS RESULTS (E.G. AZOOSPERMIA, OLIGOSPERMIA). ASSESSMENT OF INFERTILITY, PRECOCIOUS MALE PUBERTY, AMENORRHEA, OLIGOMENORRHEA. EVALUATION OF VIRILIZATION IN FEMALES [E.G. FROM PCOS, ANDROGEN SECRETING OVARIAN OR PITUITARY TUMORS, CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA ETC.). EVALUATION OF AMBIGUOUS GENITALIA AND DISORDERS OF SEX DEVELOPMENT (DSDs)].

Test Limitations/ Confounders

TOTAL TESTOSTERONE LEVELS CAN BE AFFECTED BY ABNORMAL SHBG LEVELS. IMMUNOASSAY INTERFERENCE CAN GIVE RISE TO SPURIOUS RESULTS. SUCH INTERFERENCE CAN ARISE FROM PRESENCE OF HETEROPHILE ANTIBODIES, ANTI-ANIMAL ANTIBODIES, AUTOANTIBODIES, PARAPROTEINS, BIOTIN ETC. RESULTS SHOULD ALWAYS BE CORRELATED WITH CLINICAL FINDINGS.

12 Dec

LUTEINIZING HORMONE

December 12, 2022June 7, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

SPECIAL CHEMISTRY.

Sub Category

ENDOCRINE.

Synonyms/Aliases

LUTEOTROPIC HORMONE; INTERSTITIAL CELL STIMULATING HORMONE; LUTROPHIN.

Abbreviations

LH; ICSH.

^Type

INDIVIDUAL TEST

^{3 HRS}

RESULTS READY/ REPORTED IN 3 HOURS.

^Method

IMMUNOASSAY.

^Temp

AMBIENT, REFRIGERATED (PREFERRED) OR FROZEN.

^Setup

DAILY.

Components Parameters

NOT APPLICABLE.

PRE-ANALYTIC CONSIDERATIONS

Test Ordering Instructions

FILL OUT TEST REQUEST FORM FULLY & LEGIBLY.

Patient preparation

NO PREPARATION REQUIRED.

Sample type

SERUM. HEPARIN PLASMA IS AN ACCEPTABLE ALTERNATE SPECIMEN.

Container/ preservative

SERUM SEPARATOR TUBE (SST/ GEL) OR PLAIN (RED TOP) VACUTAINER.

Sample volume

AT LEAST 2ML.

Rejection criteria

LABELING ISSUE (UNLABELED/ MISLABELED); MISSING REQUEST FORM; MISMATCH BETWEEN REQUEST FORM & SAMPLE DETAILS; MISSING AGE/ GENDER; WRONG SAMPLE TYPE; INSUFFICIENT SAMPLE.

Other Instructions

Reference intervals

AGE, GENDER, MENSTRUAL PHASE (FOLLICULAR PHASE VS. MID CYCLE PEAK VS. LUTEAL PHASE), POST MENOPAUSAL REFERENCE INTERVALS (AS APPROPRIATE) ARE PROVIDED ON THE REPORT.

Clinical Utility

IN CONJUNCTION WITH FSH, LH IS USED IN ASSESSMENT OF MALE & FEMALE (IN)FERTILITY, AMENORRHEA, OLIGOMENORRHEA, MENSTRUAL IRREGULARITY, MENOPAUSE, HYPOTHALAMIC & PITUITARY DISORDERS, PRECOCIOUS OR DELAYED PUBERTY. INCREASED LH/ FSH RATIO MAY BE SEEN IN POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME (PCOS).

Test Limitations/ Confounders

IMMUNOASSAY INTERFERENCE CAN GIVE RISE TO SPURIOUS RESULTS. SUCH INTERFERENCE CAN ARISE FROM PRESENCE OF HETEROPHILE ANTIBODIES, ANTI-ANIMAL ANTIBODIES, AUTOANTIBODIES, PARAPROTEINS, BIOTIN ETC. RESULT INTERPRETATION IS INFLUENCED BY TANNER STAGING (CHILDREN), MENSTRUAL CYCLE PHASE (IN WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE), MENOPAUSE.

12 Dec

PROLACTIN

December 12, 2022June 7, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

SPECIAL CHEMISTRY.

Sub Category

ENDOCRINE

Synonyms/Aliases

N/A.

Abbreviations

PRL.

^Type

INDIVIDUAL TEST

^{3 HOURS}

RESULTS READY/ REPORTED IN 3 HOURS.

^Method

IMMUNOASSAY.

^Temp

AMBIENT, REFRIGERATED (PREFERRED) OR FROZEN.

^Setup

DAILY.

Components Parameters

NOT APPLICABLE.

PRE-ANALYTIC CONSIDERATIONS

Test Ordering Instructions

FILL OUT TEST REQUEST FORM FULLY & LEGIBLY.

Patient preparation

STRENOUS EXERCISE SHOULD BE AVOIDED PRIOR TO COLLECTION & PATIENT SHOULD HAVE BEEN AWAKE FOR AT LEAST 2 HOURS.

Sample type

SERUM. HEPARIN PLASMA IS AN ACCEPTABLE ALTERNATE SPECIMEN.

Container/ preservative

SERUM SEPARATOR TUBE (SST/ GEL) OR PLAIN (RED TOP) VACUTAINER.

Sample volume

AT LEAST 2ML.

Rejection criteria

LABELING ISSUE (UNLABELED/ MISLABELED); MISSING REQUEST FORM; MISMATCH BETWEEN REQUEST FORM & SAMPLE DETAILS; MISSING AGE/ GENDER; WRONG SAMPLE TYPE; INSUFFICIENT SAMPLE.

Other Instructions

Reference intervals

AGE & GENDER APPROPRIATE VALUES ARE PROVIDED ON THE REPORT.

Clinical Utility

EVALUATION OF GALACTORRHEA, AMENORRHEA, INFERTILITY & IMPOTENCE. DIAGNOSIS AND MONITORING OF PROLACTINOMAS (PROLACTIN PRODUCING PITUITARY ADENOMAS) & DISEASES OF THE HYPOTHALAMUS.

Test Limitations/ Confounders

FALSELY INCREASED LEVELS CAN OCCUR DUE TO MACROPROLACTINEMIA (MACROPROLACTIN IS A PROLACTIN-IMMUNOGLOBULIN COMPLEX THAT IS BIOLOGICALLY INACTIVE) & THIS SHOULD BE CONSIDERED IN PATIENTS WHO HAVE ELEVATED PROLACTIN LEVELS BUT ARE ASYMPTOMATIC & HAVE NEGATIVE IMAGING. LOWER THAN EXPECTED RESULTS CAN OCCUR DUE TO HIGH DOSE HOOK EFFECT AND IF THIS IS SUSPECTED, THE LAB SHOULD BE INFORMED. IMMUNOASSAY INTERFERENCE CAN GIVE RISE TO SPURIOUS RESULTS. SUCH INTERFERENCE CAN ARISE FROM PRESENCE OF HETEROPHILE ANTIBODIES, ANTI-ANIMAL ANTIBODIES, AUTOANTIBODIES, PARAPROTEINS, BIOTIN ETC. RESULTS SHOULD ALWAYS BE CORRELATED WITH CLINICAL FINDINGS. INCREASED LEVELS CAN BE SEEN IN RENAL DISEASE & HYPOTHYROIDISM. DRUGS CAN ALTER LEVELS E.G. OCPs, ANTIDEPRESSANTS, ANTIPSYCHOTICS, DOPAMINE, L-DOPA, METOCLOPRAMIDE ETC.

12 Dec

PARATHYROID HORMONE (PTH)

December 12, 2022June 7, 2023vincentochiengde

Category

SPECIAL CHEMISTRY.

Sub Category

ENDOCRINE.

Synonyms/Aliases

PARATHORMONE.

Abbreviations

PTH.

^Type

INDIVIDUAL TEST

^{3 Days}

RESULTS READY/ REPORTED IN 3 WORKING DAYS.

^Method

IMMUNOASSAY.

^Temp

REFRIGERATED OR FROZEN. LABILE ANALYTE AT ROOM TEMPERATURE OR IF DELAYED SEPARATION OF SERUM OCCURS.

^Setup

BATCHED.

Components Parameters

NOT APPLICABLE.

PRE-ANALYTIC CONSIDERATIONS

Test Ordering Instructions

FILL OUT TEST REQUEST FORM FULLY & LEGIBLY.

Patient preparation

N/A

Sample type

EDTA PLASMA (PREFERRED) OR SERUM.

Container/ preservative

EDTA (PURPLE TOP) VACUTAINER. SERUM SEPARATOR TUBE (SST/ GEL) OR PLAIN (RED TOP) VACUTAINER.

Sample volume

AT LEAST 1-2ML SERUM OR EDTA PLASMA.

Rejection criteria

LABELING ISSUE (UNLABELED/ MISLABELED); MISSING REQUEST FORM; MISMATCH BETWEEN REQUEST FORM & SAMPLE DETAILS; MISSING AGE/ GENDER; WRONG SAMPLE TYPE; INSUFFICIENT SAMPLE.

Other Instructions

Reference intervals

AGE & GENDER APPROPRIATE VALUES ARE PROVIDED ON THE REPORT.

Clinical Utility

DIAGNOSIS OF HYPOPARATHYROIDISM & HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; EVALUATION OF RENAL DIALYSIS PATIENTS, HYPOCALCEMIA & HYPERCALCEMIA.

Test Limitations/ Confounders

IMMUNOASSAY INTERFERENCE CAN GIVE RISE TO SPURIOUS RESULTS. SUCH INTERFERENCE CAN ARISE FROM PRESENCE OF HETEROPHILE ANTIBODIES, ANTI-ANIMAL ANTIBODIES, AUTOANTIBODIES, PARAPROTEINS, BIOTIN ETC. RESULTS SHOULD ALWAYS BE CORRELATED WITH CLINICAL FINDINGS.

1 2 3